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目的根据现场调查检测与职业健康检查结果,评估日用不锈钢行业职业危害程度,为行业监管提供参考建议。方法采用分层随机抽样法,对揭阳市不锈钢制品企业分层随机抽取32家企业进行现场调查检测,对接噪人员进行纯音听阈测试,汇总进行职业病危害作业分级。结果 32家日用五金不锈钢企业噪声危害关键控制点为生产过程中的剪切、压形、磨边、抛光等岗位;噪声检测合格率为21.0%;纯音听阈测试异常检出率为12.0%,与2015年(检出率10.5%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);压形和磨边岗位为中度危害作业,剪切和抛光岗位为高度危害作业。结论该市日用不锈钢行业噪声危害严重。应改进工艺过程,合理设置防护设施,以降低噪声危害。监管部门要加强监督,抓住关键环节,促使防噪降噪措施落实。
Objective According to the results of on-site investigation and occupational health examination, evaluate the occupational hazards of daily stainless steel industry and provide reference for industry regulation. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a random survey of 32 enterprises in stratified enterprises of stainless steel products in Jieyang City to carry out on-the-spot investigation and testing. Pure tone hearing threshold test was conducted for intercepted noise staff, and the occupational disease hazard classification was summarized. Results The key control points of noise hazard of 32 household stainless steel enterprises were the positions of shearing, pressing, edging and polishing in the production process; the passing rate of noise detection was 21.0%; the detecting rate of pure tone hearing threshold was 12.0% Compared with 2015 (the detection rate was 10.5%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the pressing and milling jobs were moderately hazardous jobs and the cutting and polishing jobs were highly hazardous jobs. Conclusion The daily stainless steel industry noise serious harm. Should improve the process, set reasonable protective facilities to reduce noise hazards. Regulatory authorities should step up supervision and seize the key links to promote the implementation of noise and noise reduction measures.