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泥石流在我国广泛存在,每年造成的直接经济损失达20亿元,但目前国内外对其研究较少,且尚无完善的监测系统。为实现泥石流的定量在线实时监测,采集一片区域所有点的参数(场测量),提出了一种采用电学CT技术的新型泥石流传感网络。采用不同成像算法进行了仿真对比,总结出了适合泥石流监测的Landweber算法。采用ECT技术模拟了泥石流的发生过程,分别探究了不同降雨、地形、地质条件对ECT成像结果的影响,并对比了不同条件下的雨水扩散速度和小部分土体分离时间。结果表明,降雨是导致泥石流发生的直接因素,坡度越大,泥石流越易发生;沙石比例为6∶4左右时最易发生泥石流。该系统突破了传统的点测量模式,实现了非接触非侵入的场测量方式,并融合了多种信息,弥补了现有监测系统难以定量确定多因素权值的缺陷,为泥石流的监测技术提供了新的方向。
Debris flow is widespread in our country, causing direct economic losses of up to 2 billion yuan every year. However, there are few studies on it at home and abroad, and there is no perfect monitoring system. In order to realize real-time on-line monitoring of debris flow, a new type of debris flow sensing network using electrical CT was proposed by collecting the parameters of all the points in a region (field measurement). Different imaging algorithms were used to simulate and compare Landweber algorithm which is suitable for debris flow monitoring. The ECT technique was used to simulate the occurrence of debris flow, and the effects of different rainfall, topography and geological conditions on ECT imaging were investigated respectively. The diffusion speed of rainwater and the separation time of a small part of soil under different conditions were compared. The results show that rainfall is the direct factor leading to the occurrence of debris flow. The larger the slope, the easier the debris flow occurs. The debris flow is most likely to occur when the ratio of sand and gravel is about 6: 4. The system breaks through the traditional point measurement mode, realizes the non-contact and non-intrusive field measurement mode, integrates a variety of information and makes up for the defect that the existing monitoring system can not quantitatively determine the multi-factor weights, and provides the monitoring technology for debris flow A new direction