论文部分内容阅读
蒸散发是水循环的重要组成部分,但高海拔山区的观测难度导致对于该区实际蒸散发以及蒸散发对山区水循环影响的认识相对缺乏.利用两个小型称量式蒸渗仪(micro-lysimeter)对黑河山区2009年7月至2010年6月的草地日蒸散发进行实地观测,结合实测结果,对FAO-56 Penman-Monteith(F-P-M)、Priestley-Taylor(P-T)和Hargreaves-Samani(H-S)3种蒸散发估算方法在山区的适用性进行分析,并讨论试验点的蒸发皿系数.结果表明:观测期间,试验点总蒸散发439.9mm,占同期降水量的96.5%,且蒸散发呈现明显的季节分配:5—10月的蒸散发为389.3mm,占全年蒸散发的88.5%.3种估算方法都能较好计算山区夏季蒸散发,且适用性顺序依次为P-T>F-P-M>H-S,但3种方法都不能有效估算山区冬季的蒸散发.试验点夏季日蒸发皿系数在0.7～0.8,而冬季无稳定的日蒸发皿系数.
Evapotranspiration is an important part of the water cycle, but the difficulty of observation in high altitude mountainous areas leads to the lack of understanding of the actual evapotranspiration and the impact of evapotranspiration on the mountain water cycle.Using two micro-lysimeter systems, Field observations of daily evapotranspiration in the grassland in Heihe Mountains from July 2009 to June 2010 were conducted. Based on the measured results, the correlations between FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (FPM), Priestley-Taylor (PT) and Hargreaves-Samani The applicability of estimation of species evapotranspiration in mountainous area was analyzed and the evapotranspiration coefficient was discussed. The results showed that during the observation period, total evapotranspiration was 439.9mm, accounting for 96.5% of the precipitation in the same period and the evapotranspiration was significant Seasonal distribution: From May to October, the evapotranspiration was 389.3 mm, accounting for 88.5% of the total annual evapotranspiration. All three estimation methods could better calculate the summer evapotranspiration in mountain areas, and the order of applicability was PT> FPM> HS None of the three methods can effectively estimate the evapotranspiration in the mountainous area in winter, and the coefficient of daily evapotranspiration was 0.7-0.8 in summer and no stable coefficient was found in winter.