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目的了解合肥市城区低出生体重发生的相关因素,为卫生部门制定干预措施提供依据。方法利用合肥市妇幼卫生信息系统,根据是否发生低出生体重,建立出生队列(共纳入280名低出生体重儿和200名正常出生体重儿),对低出生体重发生的相关因素进行回顾性调查,并采用二项式Logistic回归分析法分析危险因素。结果合肥市城区低出生体重发生率为4.03%,女婴高于男婴(χ2=38.78,P<0.05);多因素研究显示早产(OR=16.466,95%CI:8.539~31.754)、妊娠合并症(OR=2.559,95%CI:1.063~6.163)、孕期增重(OR=0.944,95%CI:0.899~0.992)和孕期食欲(OR=0.264,95%CI:0.104~0.619)与低出生体重发生的关联具有统计学意义。结论早产、妊娠合并症增加低出生体重发生的风险,孕期增重增加、孕期食欲好可降低低出生体重发生,应采取有针对性的综合措施降低低出生体重发生率。
Objective To understand the related factors of low birth weight in urban area of Hefei and provide the basis for the intervention of the health department. Methods Based on the information system of maternal and child health in Hefei, we established a birth cohort (including 280 low birth weight infants and 200 normal birth weight infants) based on the occurrence of low birth weight and retrospectively investigated the related factors of low birth weight. Binomial Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors. Results The incidence of low birth weight was 4.03% in urban area of Hefei city, while the female infant was higher than that of the male infant (χ2 = 38.78, P <0.05). Multivariate study showed that the premature birth rate was 16.466% (95% CI: 8.539-31.554) (OR = 2.559, 95% CI: 1.063 ~ 6.163), weight gain during pregnancy (OR = 0.944,95% CI: 0.899-0.992) and pregnancy loss (OR = 0.264,95% CI: 0.104-0.619) The association of weight was statistically significant. Conclusions Premature delivery and pregnancy complications increase the risk of low birth weight, increase the weight gain during pregnancy, and reduce appetite during pregnancy, and should take targeted and comprehensive measures to reduce the incidence of low birth weight.