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“一个国家、两种制度”是中国政府为实现中国统一提出的基本国策,是史无前例的伟大构想。在“一国两制”之下,1997年7月1日,中国已经成功地恢复了对香港行使主权。香港特区政府正式成立,直属于中央人民政府(基本法第12条);除国防、外交由中央负责管理之外,香港特区实行高度自治(第12、13条)。高度自治是主导特区政府成立及运作的宪法原则,在此原则之下,特区政府享有行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权(第2条)。
“One Country and Two Systems ” is the basic national policy proposed by the Chinese government for the unification of China. It is an unprecedented great idea. Under “one country, two systems”, July 1, 1997, China has successfully resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government was formally established and directly under the Central People’s Government (Article 12 of the Basic Law). Except for defense and diplomacy, which are administered by the Central Government, the SAR exercises a high degree of autonomy (arts. 12 and 13). Under this principle, the SAR Government enjoys the power of administration, legislation, independent judicial power and final adjudication (Article 2). The principle of constitutional autonomy is the constitutional principle that dominates the establishment and operation of the SAR government.