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目的了解青海高原地区不同民族围产期孕妇RhD(-)及不规则抗体特异性的分布规律与临床意义。方法对2010年1月-2014年12月期间在本院产科住院的汉族43 836名、藏族3 487名和回族2 626名围产期孕妇,作RhD血型及不规则抗体检测,并对检测结果作统计分析。结果在49 949名孕妇中RhD(-)总检出率为6.99‰(349/49 949),其中汉族孕妇RhD(-)检出率5.43‰(238/43 836)、藏族孕妇RhD(-)检出率为9.75‰(34/3 487)、回族孕妇RhD(-)检出率为29.32‰(77/2 626),藏、回族RhD(-)检出率明显高于汉族(P<0.05),而回族又明显高于藏族(P<0.01)。13 581名孕妇不规则抗体总检出率为0.42%(57/13 581),其中汉族0.33%(35/10 688)、藏族0.38%(7/1 846)、回族1.07%(15/1 407),回族不规则抗体检出率明显高于与汉族、藏族(P<0.05);汉族孕妇的不规则抗体检出率依次为抗-E0.08%(9/10 688)、抗-M 0.06%(7/10 688)、抗-D 0.05%(5/10688)、抗-e 0.05%(5/10 688)、抗-c 0.04%(4/10 688)、抗-Lea0.02%(3/10 688)、抗-P1 0.01%(1/10 688)和抗-Leb0.01%(1/10 688);藏族依次为抗-E 0.11%(2/1 846)、抗-M 0.11%(2/1 846)、抗-D 0.05%(1/1 846)、抗-e 0.05%(1/1 846)、抗-c 0.05%(1/1 846),回族依次为抗-E 0.28%(4/1 407)、抗-M 0.14%(2/1 407)、抗-D 0.21%(3/1407)、抗-e 0.14%(2/1 407)、抗-c 0.08%(1/1 407)、抗-Lea0.14%(2/1 407)和抗-P1 0.08%(1/1 407)。结论青海高原汉、藏、回族围产期孕妇中RhD(-)及不规则抗体检出率藏、回族高于汉族,以回族最高。
Objective To understand the distribution and clinical significance of RhD (-) and irregular antibody specificities among pregnant women of different nationalities in Qinghai plateau. Methods A total of 43 836 Han Chinese, 3 487 Tibetan and 2 626 pregnant women of perinatal period who were hospitalized in our obstetrics department from January 2010 to December 2014 were tested for RhD blood group and irregular antibody. The test results Statistical Analysis. Results The overall detection rate of RhD (-) in 49 949 pregnant women was 6.99 ‰ (349/49 949), of which the detection rate of RhD (-) in Han pregnant women was 5.43 ‰ (238/43 836) The detection rate of RhD (-) in Hui women was 29.32 ‰ (77/2 626), and the detection rate of RhD (-) in Tibetans and Hui people was significantly higher than that in Han people (P <0.05) ), While Hui nationality was significantly higher than Tibetan (P <0.01). The total detection rate of irregular antibodies in 13 581 pregnant women was 0.42% (57/13 581), of which, Han was 0.33% (35/10 688), Tibetan was 0.38% (7/1 846), Hui was 1.07% (15/1 407 ), The detection rate of irregular antibodies in Hui was significantly higher than that in Han and Tibetan (P <0.05). The detection rate of irregular antibodies in Han pregnant women were anti-E 0.08% (9/10 688), anti-M 0.06 0.05% (5/10688), anti-e 0.05% (5/10 688), anti-c 0.04% (4/10 688), anti-Lea 0.02% 3/10 688), anti-P1 0.01% (1/10 688) and anti-Leb 0.01% (1/10 688), followed by anti-E 0.11% (2/1 846), anti-M 0.11 Anti-e 0.05% (1/1 846), anti-c 0.05% (1/1 846), anti-D 0.05% (1/1 846) Anti-M 0.14% (2/1 407), anti-D 0.21% (3/1407), anti-e 0.14% (2/1 407), anti-c 0.08% 1/1 407), anti-Lea 0.14% (2/1 407) and anti-P1 0.08% (1/1 407). Conclusion The detection rate of RhD (-) and irregular antibodies in pregnant women of Han, Tibetan and Hui nationality during the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is higher than that of the Han nationality, with the highest rate of Hui nationality.