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目的调查法定传染病的报告情况,探讨漏报原因,为制定传染病防治策略提供理论依据。方法对某市具有网络直报权限的44家不同级别医疗机构2012年传染病上报情况进行调查,内容包括传染病漏报率、报告及时率等,传染病例来自各医疗机构门诊部、住院部和检验科登记薄上的传染病个案。结果 2012年传染病平均漏报率为1.42%(26/1830);市区级医疗机构传染病漏报率最低,为0.54%(4/743);省级以上医疗机构漏报率为2.15%(19/885)。漏报病种主要是病毒性肝炎、肺结核和麻疹。报告及时率为99.33%(1792/1804)。结论严格执行传染病报告制度,完善自查、监督及奖惩制度,是防止医疗机构传染病漏报的有效手段。
Objective To investigate the reporting status of notifiable infectious diseases and to explore the reasons for the omission so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of prevention and treatment strategies for infectious diseases. Methods A survey was conducted on the reported escalation of infectious diseases in 44 medical institutions of different levels with the direct online reporting authority in a certain city, including the omission of infectious diseases and the timely reporting rate of infectious diseases, etc. The cases of infectious diseases were from outpatients, inpatients and inpatients of various medical institutions Cases of infectious diseases on the register of registration. Results The average rate of under-reporting of infectious diseases in 2012 was 1.42% (26/1830). The lowest rate of infectious diseases was 0.54% (4/743) in urban-level medical institutions. The omission rate was 2.15% (19/885). Missing species are mainly viral hepatitis, tuberculosis and measles. The prompt report rate was 99.33% (1792/1804). Conclusion Strict implementation of the reporting system for infectious diseases and the improvement of the self-examination, supervision and rewards and punishments system are effective measures to prevent the omission of infectious diseases in medical institutions.