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目的了解医院感染现况,发现重点人群,制定有效的医院感染防控措施。方法采用横断面调查方法,对2015年4月15日0:00-24:00住院患者进行医院感染情况调查。结果实际调查3 140人,其中医院感染95例,现患率为3.0%。医院感染现患率较高的科室主要分布在重症监护病房(29.9%);医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道(48.6%)、泌尿道(20.0%)、手术部位(13.3%)和血流感染(8.6%)。医院感染患者分离出的病原菌主要有鲍曼不动杆菌(20.7%)、铜绿假单胞菌(19.5%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(13.8%)和大肠埃希菌(12.6%)。结论 ICU是医院感染防控的重点部门,下呼吸道、泌尿系统和手术部位感染是医院感染防控的重点内容,手术后患者是医院感染防控的重点人群。
Objective To understand the status of nosocomial infections and to identify key populations and to develop effective prevention and control measures for nosocomial infections. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients from 0:00 to 24:00 on April 15, 2015. Results The actual survey was 3 140 people, of which 95 were hospital infection, the prevalence was 3.0%. The prevalence of nosocomial infections was mainly in the intensive care unit (29.9%). The most common nosocomial infections were lower respiratory tract (48.6%), urinary tract (20.0%), surgical site (13.3%) and bloodstream infection %). Acinetobacter baumannii (20.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.8%) and Escherichia coli (12.6%) were the main pathogens isolated from patients with nosocomial infections. Conclusion ICU is the key department of prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Infection of lower respiratory tract, urinary system and surgical site is the main content of prevention and control of nosocomial infection. After operation, the patients are the focus of prevention and control of nosocomial infection.