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本文介绍了德国、法国的玉米育种方法,结合我省玉米育种实际,建议: 1.开展玉米基因库的分类研究。应用测交方法,把现有种质资源划分成几个基因库;随时测定外引系并进行基因库归类。在种质资源的使用上要坚持在同一基因库内组建选系的基础材料;在杂种优势强的基因库间选用测验种。使选系的目标始终对准测验种,以求育出过硬的骨干系对手材料。 2.实行自交系选育的早代配合力测定。早代系及测交产比的多点测定。根据配合力测定结果与早代系在多环境下的自身表现选择自交系及配制组合。以此确保选出配合力高,综合性状好的材料。 3.实施并完善杂交种多点鉴定。简化杂交种在育种圃内的性状调查。把杂交种筛选的注意力集中在多环境鉴定组合的产量、抗病性、抗倒伏及稳产性上。
This paper introduces the method of maize breeding in Germany and France. Combined with the actual maize breeding in our province, it is suggested that: 1. To carry out the classification of maize gene bank. Using the method of hybridization, the existing germplasm resources are divided into several gene banks; the external reference lines are determined at any time and the genebanks are classified. The use of germplasm resources should adhere to the establishment of the same gene pool in the same base material; selection of test species in the heterosis gene pool. So that the goal of the selected line is always aligned with the test species in order to educate the backbone of strong opponent materials. The implementation of inbred lines breeding early determination of combining ability. Early generation and test of more than the determination of delivery ratio. The inbred lines and the combination were selected according to the result of combining ability and the performance of the early lines under the multi-environment. In order to ensure the selection of high combining power, good overall properties of the material. 3. Implementation and improvement of hybrid multi-point identification. Simplify Hybrids in Breeding Nursery. The screening of hybrids is focused on the yield, disease resistance, lodging resistance and stability of multi-environmental combinations.