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初中学生习惯于强记硬背,尽管这在积累知识方面有一定的作用,但这样积累起来的知识往往不牢靠,使用起来尤感不灵便。因此必须下气力培养他们比较辨析的能力,使其知识构成网络,能找出知识的异同点,使用起来才得心应手,恰到好处。 譬如“矍铄”,形容老年人很有精神的样子;“勃发”,多形容青少年精神饱满,如英姿勃发,就不好写成英姿矍铄。“矍铄”与“勃发”虽都含有神采奕奕的意思,使用范围却迥然不同。如果不注意这个差别,难免张冠李戴,弄得啼笑皆非。
Junior high school students are accustomed to memorizing. Although this has a certain role in accumulating knowledge, the accumulated knowledge is often not reliable, and it is particularly inconvenient to use. Therefore, it is imperative to cultivate their ability to distinguish and analyze their knowledge, form their knowledge into a network, find out the similarities and differences of knowledge, and use it to get it right. For example, “矍铄” describes the elderly as having a very spiritual appearance; “bustling hair” describes the youth full of spirit, such as heroic and vigorous, it is not easy to write into heroic gestures. Although both “矍铄” and “勃” contain meanings that are vivid, the scope of use is quite different. If you do not pay attention to this difference, it will inevitably lead to ridicule.