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钨钴类硬质合金作为一种典型的难加工材料,具有良好的综合性能,在此类材料的加工中,采用传统的加工方式存在刀具极易磨损严重、加工精度低、效率低等缺点,难以满足实际生产的要求。文中将精密切削方法与特种加工理论相结合,提出了采用二维超声振动和激光加热复合辅助精密加工的方法。文中基于正交试验,对硬质合金激光超声辅助加工的切削力特性进行了研究,通过极差分析和趋势图分析,得到了切削用量和激光功率对切削力的影响规律和趋势,采用回归分析的方法 ,建立了三向切削力的经验模型,并对该模型进行显著性分析。研究表明:激光功率和背吃刀量对切削力有较显著的影响,而进给量和主切削速度对切削力的影响相对较小。随着激光功率的增加切削力逐渐降低,随着背吃刀量的增加切削力逐渐升高。运用回归分析方法获得的经验公式显著性强,为复合条件下切削力的控制提供有力的依据。
As a typical difficult-to-machine material, tungsten-cobalt-based cemented carbide has a good comprehensive performance. In the processing of such materials, the traditional processing methods have the disadvantages of extremely easy to wear and tear, low processing precision and low efficiency. Difficult to meet the actual production requirements. The paper combines the precision cutting method with the special processing theory, and proposes the method of using two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and laser heating to assist the precision machining. In this paper, based on the orthogonal experiment, the cutting force characteristics of the laser-assisted machining of the cemented carbide were studied. The influence laws and trends of the cutting and laser power on the cutting force were obtained by the analysis of the range and the trend analysis. Regression analysis The empirical model of three-direction cutting force is established and the significance analysis of the model is made. The results show that the laser power and the amount of back cutting have a significant effect on the cutting force, while the influence of the feed rate and the main cutting speed on the cutting force is relatively small. As the laser power increases, the cutting force gradually decreases, and the cutting force gradually increases with the increase of the back power. The empirical formula obtained by regression analysis method is significant and provides a strong basis for the control of cutting force under compound conditions.