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目的观察葡萄籽提取物原花青素(GSPE)对高脂饮食大鼠胸主动脉壁过氧化物酶增殖激活受体γ(PPARγ)mRNA表达及核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)活性的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠32只,随机分为4组:对照组、高脂组、吡格列酮组、原花青素组。每组8只,其中吡格列酮组为阳性对照组。对照组饲基础饲料,其他3组饲高脂饲料。各组在饲喂饲料的同时,灌胃给相应的干预剂,吡格列酮和原花青素灌胃量分别是10mg/(kg.d)、100mg/(kg.d),吡格列酮组和高脂组灌蒸馏水。在0周、3周、6周空腹尾静脉采血,测血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量。实验期末,取大鼠胸主动脉组织,保存于-70℃。运用RT-PCR检测PPARγ的mRNA表达水平,EMSA检测NF-κB活性。结果(1)高脂组较对照组大鼠血清TC、TG水平含量明显升高(P<0.05)。原花青素组和吡格列酮较高脂组血清TG、TC的含量显著降低(P<0.05),原花青素组与吡格列酮组、对照组间差异无显著性。(2)高脂组与对照组相比,PPARγmRNA表达显著降低(P<0.05),胸主动脉壁NF-κB活性明显升高。(3)吡格列酮组与高脂组比较,胸主动脉壁PPARγmRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05)。(4)原花青素组与高脂组比较,胸主动脉壁PPARγmRNA表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),NF-κB活性显著降低。结论原花青素具有预防血清TG、TC升高的作用;原花青素能通过预防高脂状态下大鼠胸主动脉壁PPARγmRNA表达下调,抑制NF-κB的激活。
Objective To observe the effect of grape seed extract proanthocyanidin (GSPE) on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) mRNA and the activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in thoracic aortic wall of high-fat diet rats. Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, high-fat group, pioglitazone group and procyanidins group. Eight mice in each group, in which the pioglitazone group was a positive control group. The control group was fed the basal diet and the other three groups were fed the high fat diet. Each group was given intragastrically to the corresponding intervention agent at the same time when feeding the feed. The gavage amounts of pioglitazone and procyanidins were 10 mg/(kg.d) and 100 mg/(kg.d), respectively. The pioglitazone group and the high-fat group were given distilled water. Fasting blood was collected from the tail vein at 0, 3, and 6 weeks. Serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured. At the end of the experiment period, rat thoracic aorta tissue was taken and stored at -70°C. The expression of PPARγ mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, and NF-κB activity was detected by EMSA. Results (1) The levels of serum TC and TG in the high-fat group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of TG and TC in the procyanidins group and the pioglitazone group were significantly lower (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the procyanidins group and the pioglitazone group and the control group. (2) Compared with the control group, the expression of PPARγ mRNA was significantly decreased in the high-fat group (P<0.05), and the activity of NF-κB in the thoracic aorta was significantly increased. (3) The PPARγ mRNA expression level in the thoracic aorta was higher in the pioglitazone group than in the high-fat group (P<0.05). (4) Compared with the high-fat group, the expression of PPARγ mRNA in thoracic aorta was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the activity of NF-κB was significantly decreased. Conclusion Procyanidin can prevent the increase of serum TG and TC. Proanthocyanidins can inhibit the activation of NF-κB by preventing the expression of PPARγ mRNA in rat thoracic aorta after hyperlipidemia.