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假设你被选为地方镇议会议员,镇上的工程师向你提议,镇政府应投资1万美元在十字路口架设起红绿灯,那里现在只有一个停车标志。设红绿灯的好处在于能提高安全系数。工程师根据有关资料指出,设红绿灯可以将致命的交通事故从1.6%减少至1.1%。你是否愿意花这笔钱呢? 要回答这个问题,你就会进行成本——收益分析。但是你很快就会碰到障碍,如要对两者进行有效的比较,首先得采用统一的衡量单位。成本用美元来计算,收益——拯救一条人命的可能
Suppose you were chosen as a member of a local town council and your town engineer suggested to you that the town government should invest $ 10,000 to set up a traffic light at the crossroads where there is only one stop sign. The advantage of setting traffic lights is to increase the safety factor. According to the information provided by the engineers, setting a traffic light reduces the fatal traffic accident from 1.6% to 1.1%. Are you willing to spend the money? To answer this question, you will conduct a cost-benefit analysis. But you will soon encounter obstacles, if you want to make an effective comparison between the two, we must first use a unified unit of measurement. Costs are calculated in U.S. dollars. Gains - the possibility of saving a human being