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目的了解10年来本地区新生儿疾病的发病情况。方法用回顾性分析法对我院10年来的住院新生儿疾病进行分析。结果新生儿病例共476例,无性别分布差异(P<0.05)。感染性疾病中主要病种有肺炎78例(占35%)、脐炎40例(18%)、上呼吸道感染26例(12%)、腹泻病22例(10%)、败血症17例及肝炎18例(分别占8%)、气管炎8例及宫内感染6例(分别占3%)。非感染性疾病中主要病种有颅内疾患(包括缺血缺氧性脑病和颅内出血)97例(39%)、电解质紊乱23例(9%)、高胆红素20例(8%)、消化道疾病19(8%)、硬肿症9(4%)。所有疾病中以非感染性颅内疾患最多占20%,肺炎其次占16%。感染性与非感染性及早期与晚期新生儿分布有差异(P<0.01),以非感染性疾病和早期新生儿居多。感染性疾病中早、晚期新生儿分布有差异(P<0.05)以晚期新生儿为多,非感染性疾病中早、晚期新生儿分布有差异(P<0.05)以早期新生儿为多(P<0.05)。非感染性颅内疾患近10年来只发生于早期新生儿。近4年无以硬肿症为第一诊断的病例。近5年无维生素K缺乏出血症及颅内出血病例。低血钙及其惊厥仍有发生。结论新生儿疾病分布无性别差异,以非感染性疾病及早期新生儿居多,感染性疾病中肺炎占首位,非感染性疾病中颅内疾患占首位,且均发生于早期新生儿。各类疾病中非感染性颅内疾患占首位,其次为感染性肺炎。新生儿出血症、硬肿症等疾病逐渐消失。低血钙及其惊厥仍有发生。
Objective To understand the incidence of neonatal diseases in this area over the past 10 years. Methods The retrospective analysis of our hospital 10 years of hospitalized neonatal diseases were analyzed. Results A total of 476 cases of neonatal cases without gender differences (P <0.05). Among the major infectious diseases, 78 were pneumonia (35%), 40 (18%) were omphalitis, 26 (12%) were upper respiratory tract infections, 22 (10%) were diarrheal diseases, 17 were sepsis and hepatitis 18 cases (8% respectively), 8 cases of bronchitis and 6 cases of intrauterine infection (3% respectively). Ninety-seven (39%) cases of intracranial disease (including hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and intracranial hemorrhage), 23 cases of electrolyte disturbances (9%) and 20 cases of hyperbilirubin (8%) were the main non-infectious diseases. , Gastrointestinal disease 19 (8%), sclerema 9 (4%). Non-infectious intracranial conditions account for up to 20% of all diseases, followed by pneumonia for 16%. Infectious and non-infectious and early and late neonatal distribution differences (P <0.01), with non-infectious diseases and early neonatal majority. There were differences in the distribution of early and late neonates in infectious diseases (P <0.05), especially in late neonates. There was a significant difference in the distribution of early and late neonates in non-infectious diseases (P <0.05) <0.05). Non-infectious intracranial disorders in the past 10 years only occurred in early neonates. Nearly 4 years without scleredema as the first diagnosis of the case. The past five years without vitamin K deficiency bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage cases. Hypocalcemia and its convulsions still occur. Conclusions There is no gender difference in the distribution of neonatal diseases. Non-infectious diseases and early neonatal diseases are the most common. Among the infectious diseases, pneumonia ranks the first place, and non-infectious diseases account for the highest proportion of intracranial diseases, all of which occur in early neonates. Non-infectious intracranial diseases in various diseases in the first place, followed by infectious pneumonia. Neonatal bleeding, scleredemia and other diseases gradually disappear. Hypocalcemia and its convulsions still occur.