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留守儿童心理资本是指家庭处境不利情境下留守儿童拥有的对心理社会适应有保护效应的类状态积极心理能力。基于这一定义,采用问卷法筛选出“家庭处境不利但心理社会适应良好”的留守儿童20名;在此基础上,对儿童本人及其监护人、教师进行半结构式访谈,以定性揭示出留守儿童心理资本的结构及其影响。结果显示,留守儿童心理资本由明理感恩、自立顽强、自信进取、宽容友善、乐观开朗五个类别(含十个次级类别)构成;各类别均能诱发儿童的积极情绪体验,明理感恩、自立顽强、自信进取对学习和日常行为表现亦有促进作用;此外,个别次级类别可诱发儿童的压力感甚至烦躁情绪。
The left-behind children’s psychological capital refers to the positive psychological ability of left-behind children who have the protective effect on the psychosocial adaptation possessed by the family environment. Based on this definition, a questionnaire method was used to screen out 20 left-behind children whose families were disadvantaged but whose psychosocial well-being was good. On this basis, semi-structured interviews with children themselves and their guardians and teachers were conducted to qualitatively reveal The Structure and Influence of Left - behind Children ’s Psychological Capital. The results show that the left-behind children’s psychological capital is composed of five categories (including ten sub-categories): clear and grateful, self-reliance, self-reliance, tolerant and optimistic, all kinds of children’s positive emotions can be induced, sensible and independent Perseverance and self-confidence also promote learning and daily behavior performance; In addition, individual sub-categories can induce feelings of stress and even irritability in children.