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目的通过D半乳糖(D-gal)诱导结合双血管结扎的方法建立一种能较好地模拟人类脑缺血的动物模型,并对该模型进行评价。方法以3月龄青年SD大鼠为实验对象,采用D-gal连续皮下注射6周结合双血管结扎的方法制备脑缺血动物模型。以Garcia量表评价大鼠的神经功能损伤的严重程度;血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(MDA)水平评价机体氧自由基代谢情况;TTC染色评价大鼠脑梗死体积;HE染色评价缺血区脑组织损伤的严重程度。结果模型组(10.375±1.188)和半乳糖模型组Garcia评分(7.167±4.714)均低于空白组(20±0;均P<0.01),半乳糖模型组Garcia评分低于模型组(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,半乳糖模型组大鼠SOD〔(393.60±19.02)U/mL vs.(469.37±22.63)U/mL〕和GSHPx(1116.38±76.88 vs.1413.22±102.74)活性降低(均P<0.05),MDA〔(17.58±0.84)mmol/mL vs.(10.89±1.08)mmol/mL〕水平升高(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,半乳糖模型组梗死体积分数(35.75±2.38 vs.24.23±1.92)明显增大(P<0.01)。模型组大鼠缺血区表现为神经元细胞肿胀变性溶解,白质疏松等异常病理变化,半乳糖模型组较模型组更为严重。结论该模型能够较好地模拟人类脑缺血。
OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model that can better simulate human cerebral ischemia by means of D-gal induced dual blood vessel ligation and to evaluate the model. Methods Three-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as experimental subjects. The cerebral ischemia model was established by continuous subcutaneous injection of D-gal for 6 weeks combined with double vessel ligation. The severity of neurological injury was evaluated by Garcia scale. The levels of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) Free radical metabolism; TTC staining evaluation of cerebral infarction volume; HE staining to assess the severity of ischemic brain damage. Results The Garcia score of galactose model group (10.375 ± 1.188) and galactose model group (7.167 ± 4.714) were lower than that of blank group (20 ± 0; all P <0.01) ). Compared with the model group, the activity of SOD 〔(393.60 ± 19.02) U / mL vs. (469.37 ± 22.63) U / mL〕 and GSHPx (1116.38 ± 76.88 vs.1413.22 ± 102.74) in galactose- 0.05), MDA 〔(17.58 ± 0.84) mmol / mL vs. (10.89 ± 1.08) mmol / mL〕 (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the infarct volume fraction of galactose model group (35.75 ± 2.38 vs.24.23 ± 1.92) increased significantly (P <0.01). The ischemic area of the model group showed abnormal pathological changes such as swelling and degeneration of neurons, loose white matter and so on. The galactose model group was more serious than the model group. Conclusion The model can better simulate human cerebral ischemia.