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目前临床上有许多怀疑前列腺癌但穿刺阴性的病例,为了避免漏诊,多数患者必须接受重复穿刺。尽管部分患者经重复穿刺确诊为前列腺癌,而更多患者经过长期随访以及反复穿刺最终确诊为良性病变。近期研究证实,癌灶附近的组织学表现正常的组织中也可发生与癌灶相似的分子改变。因此,我们认为在前列腺癌的发生过程中存在区域效应。在这一理论指导下,选择适当的可反映前列腺癌区域效应的标记物,在穿刺阴性的标本中检出与癌灶相似的分子改变,就可以帮助临床医生在常规病理诊断之前,提前预测前列腺癌的发生。如果能够找到这样的标记物,并在大规模的诊断试验中证实其可行性,那么就可以极大地改善前列腺癌诊断的现状。
Currently there are many clinical cases of suspected prostate cancer but puncture-negative, in order to avoid missed diagnosis, most patients must undergo repeated puncture. Although some patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer by repeated puncture, more patients were eventually diagnosed as benign lesions after long-term follow-up and repeated puncture. Recent studies have confirmed that molecular changes similar to foci may also occur in tissues with normal histological appearance near the foci. Therefore, we think there is a regional effect in the development of prostate cancer. Under the guidance of this theory, selecting appropriate markers that reflect the regional effects of prostate cancer and detecting similar molecular changes in the puncture-negative specimens as the foci can help clinicians predict the prostate in advance of routine pathological diagnosis Occurrence of cancer. If such a marker can be found and its feasibility verified in large-scale diagnostic tests, the status of the diagnosis of prostate cancer can be greatly improved.