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目的探讨小儿恶性实体瘤的临床特点、治疗措施和预后。方法收集本院住院治疗的小儿恶性实体瘤110例。病例均经病理证实。男64例,女46例。患儿常规进行B超检查、病理检查、增强CT扫描、螺旋CT、MRI,根据情况进行免疫组织化学检查及全身骨扫描等检查,以指导治疗及预后。结果 110例中肾母细胞瘤26例,恶性淋巴瘤26例(非霍奇金淋巴瘤20例,霍奇金淋巴瘤6例),肝母细胞瘤17例,生殖细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤各10例,神经母细胞瘤8例,视网膜母细胞瘤6例,畸胎瘤3例,髓母细胞瘤、骨肉瘤各2例,本组总体治愈率为58.18%。结论采取手术、化疗、放疗等综合治疗小儿恶性实体瘤的生存率有很大提高,但由于小儿恶性肿瘤发病比较隐匿,确诊一般都到晚期,小儿实体肿瘤仍是儿童死亡的主要原因之一。
Objective To investigate the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of pediatric malignant solid tumors. Methods 110 cases of pediatric malignant solid tumors in our hospital were collected. All cases were confirmed by pathology. There were 64 males and 46 females. Children with routine B-ultrasound, pathological examination, enhanced CT scan, spiral CT, MRI, according to the case of immunohistochemical examination and whole body bone scan and other tests to guide the treatment and prognosis. Results Of 110 cases, 26 were nephroblastoma, 26 were malignant lymphoma (20 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 6 Hodgkin’s lymphoma), 17 hepatoblastoma, 10 germinomas and rhabdomyosarcoma Cases, neuroblastoma in 8 cases, retinoblastoma in 6 cases, 3 cases of teratoma, medulloblastoma, osteosarcoma in 2 cases, the overall cure rate was 58.18%. Conclusion The comprehensive treatment of malignant solid tumors in children with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy has greatly improved the survival rate. However, as the incidence of malignant tumors in children is relatively obscure, the diagnosis is generally late. Solid tumor in children is still one of the major causes of child mortality.