海冰水灌溉对不同施肥方式下土壤盐分运移及棉花的影响

• 作 者: 胡育骄 王小彬 赵全胜 郑妍 武雪萍 蔡典雄 吴会军 许映军 顾卫
• 机 构: 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业部植物营养与养分循环重点实验室,农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室,北京师范大学,地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,
• 出 处: 农业工程学报
• 发表日期: 2010年09期
• 关键词: 海冰 盐分 棉花 土壤盐分动态 肥料 脱盐率

为研究海冰水灌溉配套农艺措施,以改良盐碱化耕地和荒地,该文采用海冰水灌溉,结合4种施肥措施:无机肥(传统施肥)、有机肥与无机肥配施、土壤调理剂与无机肥配施和不施肥处理(CK),研究海冰水灌溉不同施肥措施对土壤盐分及离子运移、棉花产量的影响。结果表明:1)2007-2008年,海冰水灌溉0～100cm土层内各层次土壤脱盐率可达40.2%,0～40cm土层Na+和Cl-的离子浓度显著降低;2)2007年,海冰水灌溉施加液膜处理0～100cm土层土壤洗盐量为11210kg/hm2,未作液膜的处理反盐量高达2610kg/hm2;3)2007-2008年,海冰水灌溉不同农艺措施棉花籽棉产量高低为:CK(不施肥)<无机肥<有机肥与无机肥配施<土壤调理剂与无机肥配施,2008年海冰水灌溉调理剂与无机肥配施处理籽棉产量较传统施肥处理高568kg/hm2。连续2a使用海冰水灌溉配合合理的农艺措施,可以有效淋洗土壤盐分,避免造成土壤次生盐渍化。 In order to study the agronomic measures of sea ice water irrigation to improve the salinization of arable land and wasteland, the paper uses the sea ice water irrigation, combining four kinds of fertilization measures: inorganic fertilizer (traditional fertilization), organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, soil conditioning The effects of different fertilization measures on soil salinity, ion transport and cotton yield were studied using CK and CK. The results showed as follows: 1) The desalination rate of soil in 0 ~ 100cm soil layer was up to 40.2% in 2007-2008, and the Na + and Cl- ion concentrations in 0 ~ 40cm soil layer were significantly decreased; 2) Sea ice water irrigation liquid film treatment 0 ~ 100cm soil layer soil salt was 11210kg / hm2, no liquid film treatment of salt up to 2610kg / hm2; 3) 2007-2008, sea ice irrigation of different agronomic practices Cotton seed cotton yield as CK (no fertilization)