张之洞“中体西用”论辩

• 作 者: 陈阳凤 熊贤军
• 出 处: 河北学刊
• 发表日期: 1990年01期
• 关键词: 中体西用 《劝学篇》 历史过程 西方科学技术 维新派 洋枪洋炮 山西巡抚 近代科学技术 湖北织布局 剑桥中国晚清史

“中学为体,西学为用”(下简称为“中体西用”)是一个非常复杂而又敏感的历史与现实的理论问题。一提及这个问题,人们自然首先注意到张之洞及其《劝学篇》。那么,“中体西用”是在什么样的历史背景下提出来的?张之洞附和并强调这一观点的原因及其目的何在?怎样理解和评价这一问题?考察我们这个民族近百年来在这个问题上的反复论争,总结这一历史过程中的种种教训之后,我们应该有一个比较符合辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的答案了。

“Secondary school as the body, Western learning for the use of” (hereinafter referred to as “the Western body”) is a very complex and sensitive theoretical issues of history and reality. Mentioning this issue, people naturally first noticed Zhang Zhidong and his “Encouraging Learning articles.” So what is the historical background of “China and Western use”? Zhang Zhidong echo and emphasize the reasons for this view and its purpose? How to understand and evaluate this issue? Examine the history of our nation for nearly a hundred years To repeat the argument on this issue and sum up the lessons in this historical process, we should have an answer that is more in line with dialectical materialism and historical materialism.