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从产权概念、原生居民和习惯产权、有关产权的政策与法律、产权组织方式、产权的冲突与解决方式、产权与贫困等方面进行了文献综述。文献表明,产权作为一种人与土地以及其他自然资源的相互关系,对农村地区,特别是贫困人口的影响尤为重要。不同产权定义的宗旨都是通过产权的明晰,促进贫困地区经济的增长,提高人民的生活水平。产权的具体安排,需要尊重当地居民和社区的习惯;在制定政策或法律时,需要充分考虑其对森林资源和土地的依赖性。在推进林权改革时,应从以下方面来努力:提供清晰且有保障的森林产权,从单一所有制向多样化的产权所有制转变,承认社区管理的合法性,提高产权所有者进行可持续森林管理的能力,帮扶妇女等弱势群体,分配给贫困人口经济价值较高的森林资源等。
Literature reviews are made on the concepts of property rights, indigenous residents and customary property rights, policies and laws on property rights, ways of property rights organization, conflicts and solutions of property rights, property rights and poverty. The literature shows that property rights as a kind of interrelationship between human beings and land and other natural resources are particularly important for the rural areas, especially the poor. The definition of different property rights aims to promote economic growth in poor areas and improve people’s living standards through the clarity of property rights. The specific arrangements for property rights need to respect the habits of local residents and communities; they need to fully consider their dependence on forest resources and land when formulating policies or laws. In promoting forest tenure reform, efforts should be made to provide clear and assured forest property rights, shift from unitary ownership to diversified ownership of property, recognize the legitimacy of community-based management and enhance the ownership of property owners for sustainable forest management Capacity, helping vulnerable groups such as women, and allocating forest resources with high economic value to the poor.