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社会各界已经形成共识,中国需要通过消费转型来推升消费率,进而拉动经济可持续地增长。但消费转型究竟是什么,该怎么推进,目前仍然缺乏清晰的认识。笔者认为,中国之所以会消费不足,是因为我国缺乏市场化调节消费和投资的机制。事实上,没有市场,谁也不可能知道适合中国的消费率到底应该是多少。因此,消费转型不应、也不可能以某个具体的消费率数值为目标。消费转型应该做的,是把这种市场机制建立起来。消费转型面临的最大障碍是国企的非市场行为。笔者建议可以以拆分国资委为突破口,在不改变国企所有制的前提下,人为构造国企所有权的竞争市场,打通资源在消费和投资间双向流动的渠道,进而成功推进消费转型。
All sectors of society have come to a consensus that China needs to push consumer rates through consumption restructuring and thus stimulate sustainable economic growth. However, what is the transformation of consumption, how to promote it, is still a lack of clear understanding. The author believes that the reason why China will consume less because of the lack of market-oriented adjustment of consumption and investment mechanism. In fact, there is no market, no one can know the rate of consumption for China in the end should be how much. Therefore, the transformation of consumption should not and can not be a specific rate of consumption as the goal. Consumption transformation should do is to establish this market mechanism. The biggest obstacle facing the transformation of consumption is the non-market behavior of state-owned enterprises. The author suggests that the SASAC can be used as a breakthrough point to create a competitive market for ownership of state-owned enterprises without any change in the ownership of state-owned enterprises and to open up a two-way flow of resources between consumption and investment so as to promote the transformation of consumption.