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目的调查昆明市城区社区居民慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney diesase,CKD)知晓现况。方法采用分层整群随机抽样,自制CKD核心知识调查表,对昆明市城区常住居民进行问卷调查。结果共发放问卷1 015份,回收有效问卷996份,有效率98.1%,CKD总体知晓率为21.4%(213人),88.8%居民不知道CKD第5期为尿毒症期,超过68.7%的居民不知道高血压、糖尿病是CKD危险因素;其中对CKD定义及分期知晓率仅为9.4%。研究显示,不同婚姻状况(Z=11.00,P=0.012)、职业(Z=60.66,P<0.001)、学历(Z=80.52,P<0.001)、经济条件(Z=17.82,P<0.001)及体检频率(Z=48.88,P<0.001)的居民CKD知晓程度差异均有统计学意义。其中青年人群、未婚居民、企业工作者、本科及以上学历、高收入人群和每年体检2次及以上居民CKD知晓率分别为各组最高。结论昆明市城区社区居民对CKD相关知识缺乏了解,不利于CKD的防控,需社区卫生服务中心加大对CKD相关知识的宣传教育力度,以提高居民CKD的知识知晓水平,以促进社区卫生服务中心对CKD的全面管理,更好的控制疾病的患病率及死亡率。
Objective To investigate the status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in community residents in Kunming city. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling, self-made CKD core knowledge questionnaire, a questionnaire survey of urban residents in Kunming City. Results A total of 1 015 questionnaires were sent out, 996 valid questionnaires were returned, the effective rate was 98.1%, CKD overall awareness rate was 21.4% (213 persons), 88.8% of the residents did not know that CKD stage 5 was uremia and over 68.7% residents Do not know the high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for CKD; CKD definition and staging is only 9.4%. The study showed that there were significant differences in the marital status (Z = 11.00, P = 0.012), career (Z = 60.66, P <0.001) There was significant difference in the level of awareness of CKD between the frequency of medical examination (Z = 48.88, P <0.001). Among them, young people, single residents, business workers, undergraduate and above, high-income groups and people with CKD twice or more per year in health examination were the highest in each group. Conclusion Community residents in urban areas of Kunming lack of knowledge about CKD knowledge is not conducive to the prevention and control of CKD, community health service centers need to step up publicity and education of CKD-related knowledge in order to improve residents’ knowledge of CKD to promote community health services Center for the overall management of CKD, better control of disease morbidity and mortality.