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人们在近一个世纪前就认识到,因肾功能不全而出现的蛋白质、氨基酸代谢异常可用低蛋白饮食来改善各种症状,延长寿命。近来才发现,在重视二价电解质的同时,对磷的限制有其积极意义。但是,减轻氮负荷这种消极的保守疗法,会导致负氮平衡,使体内蛋白质破坏。1963年Giordano注意到肾功能不全病人血清氨基酸的异常,在采取低蛋白饮食疗法的基础上,试行了必需氨基酸的补充措施。一、肾功能不全的蛋白质、氨基酸代谢异常肾功能不全的氮代谢异常,主要表现为分解功能亢进,合成功能降低。过去只注意伴随排泄障碍为主的氮代谢产物在体内的蓄积,并未从营养学角度去全面考虑。因此,在治疗上仅为减轻氮负荷而采用低蛋白饮食。在肾功能
People recognized nearly a century ago that due to renal dysfunction and protein, abnormal amino acid metabolism can be used to improve low-protein diet of various symptoms and prolong life. Recently, it has been found that the emphasis on divalent electrolytes has its positive significance on the limitation of phosphorus. However, the negative conservative treatment of reducing nitrogen load can lead to negative nitrogen balance and protein destruction in the body. In 1963, Giordano noticed abnormalities of serum amino acids in patients with renal insufficiency. They tried the supplementary measures of essential amino acids on the basis of low-protein diet therapy. First, the renal insufficiency of protein, abnormal amino acid metabolism of renal dysfunction, abnormal nitrogen metabolism, mainly for the decomposition of hyperthyroidism, reduced synthesis. In the past only pay attention to the excretion of obstruction-based nitrogen metabolites in the body’s accumulation, not from the nutritional point of view to fully consider. Therefore, the treatment is only to reduce the nitrogen load and the use of low-protein diet. In kidney function