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目的研究脑干出血的病因,好发部位,临床表现及预后的相关因素。方法对40例脑干出血患者的原始资料进行回顾性分析。结果脑干出血多为急性起病,以中老年人发病为主,常见病因有高血压、动脉硬化、动脉瘤等。临床表现复杂,常见意识障碍、周围性颅神经损害、椎体束损害等,头部CT检查可在脑干发现高密度影,其预后与出血量、出血部位及合并症有关。结论高血压动脉硬化是脑干出血的主要原因,桥脑是脑干出血的好发部位,出血量是脑干出血预后的决定性因素。
Objective To study the causes of brain stem hemorrhage, the incidence of sites, clinical manifestations and prognostic factors. Methods The original data of 40 patients with brainstem hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed. Results Most of the brainstem hemorrhage was acute onset, mainly in the middle-aged and elderly people. Common causes were hypertension, arteriosclerosis and aneurysm. Clinical manifestations of complex, common disturbance of consciousness, peripheral cranial nerve damage, vertebral body bundle damage, head CT examination can be found in the brain stem high density, the prognosis and bleeding, bleeding sites and complications related. Conclusions Hypertension arteriosclerosis is the main cause of hemorrhage in the brainstem. Pontine is a predilection site of hemorrhage in the brainstem. The amount of bleeding is the decisive factor in the prognosis of brainstem hemorrhage.