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为了评估Nb-Si基合金是否能作为刀具材料应用,研究了3个Nb-Ti-Si-B合金(1#:Nb-12Ti-16Si-16B,2#:Nb-23.5Ti-16Si-10B,3#:Nb-20Ti-16Si-1.5B)的显微硬度和宏观硬度。这3个合金分别来自Nb-Ti-Si-B四元体系液相面投影图中的Nb B、Nb3B2和Nb3Si初生相区。显微硬度采用HX-1000TM型硬度计测试,选用200 g载荷,加载保持时间为15 s。宏观硬度采用HR C洛氏硬度测试。铌基金属间化合物具有较高的显微硬度:1#合金中Nb B的硬度为16.58 GPa、2#合金中Nb3B2的硬度为10.08 GPa、3#合金中Nb3Si的硬度为12.12 GPa。强的化学键和元素的置换互溶是铌基金属间化合物高硬度的影响因素。另外,3个合金的宏观硬度HRc分别为77、75和78,3个合金中都具有一定体积分数的高硬度金属间化合物,这是高的宏观硬度的主导因素。Nb-Ti-Si-B合金的宏观硬度值高于工具钢(HRc~65)和高速钢(HSS,HRc~67)。
In order to evaluate whether Nb-Si based alloys can be used as a tool material, three Nb-Ti-Si-B alloys (1 #: Nb-12Ti-16Si-16B, 2 #: Nb-23.5Ti-16Si- 3 #: Nb-20Ti-16Si-1.5B). These three alloys are derived from the Nb B, Nb3B2 and Nb3Si primary phase regions in the liquid-phase projection of the Nb-Ti-Si-B quaternary system, respectively. Microhardness HX-1000TM type hardness tester test, the choice of 200g load, load hold time of 15s. Macro-hardness HRC Rockwell hardness test. The niobium-based intermetallics have high microhardness: the hardness of Nb B in No. 1 alloy is 16.58 GPa, the hardness of Nb3B2 in No. 2 alloy is 10.08 GPa, and the hardness of Nb3Si in No. 3 alloy is 12.12 GPa. Strong chemical bonds and elemental mutual substitution are the factors that affect the high hardness of niobium-based intermetallic compounds. In addition, the macroscopic hardness HRc of the three alloys were 77, 75 and 78, respectively, and the high hardness intermetallics with a certain volume fraction in the three alloys were the dominant factors of high macroscopic hardness. The macrohardness of Nb-Ti-Si-B alloy is higher than that of tool steel (HRc ~ 65) and high speed steel (HSS, HRc ~ 67).