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目前国外大约有三十家工厂制造轮胎式和汽车式塔式起重机。其规格类型已有70多种,截荷力矩为1至160吨米。根据载荷力矩的人小,轮胎式塔式起重机可分为轻型(从1至10吨米)、中型(从10至60吨米)和重型(超过60吨米者)的三种。已生产的大多数轮胎式塔式起重机都是轻型的。但最近国外有生产重型轮胎式塔式起重机的趋势。根据行走部分是否具有运行结构,轮胎式塔式起重机可分为非自行式和自行式的两种。轻型非自行式起重机的裁荷力矩为1至10吨米表1 为鲍阿洛-彼托拉工厂生产的起重机系列。此系列中的所有起重机具有同一种布置简图,但根据载荷力矩的大小和载荷起升高度的不同,起重机各单独部件可以有各种各样的结构方案。BP-500型起重机(图1)的行走底架由四根成十字形布置的樑构成,樑的端部均装有可伸出的螺旋
At present, there are about 30 factories abroad manufacturing tire-type and auto-type tower cranes. There are more than 70 types of specifications, and the load moment is 1 to 160 tons. According to the small load torque, the tire type tower crane can be divided into light (from 1 to 10 tons of rice), medium (from 10 to 60 tons of rice) and heavy (above 60 tons of rice) of the three. Most of the tire tower cranes that have been produced are lightweight. However, there are recent trends in the production of heavy duty tire type tower cranes. Depending on whether or not the walking part has a running structure, the tire-type tower crane can be divided into two types, non-self-propelled and self-propelled. The light non-self-propelled cranes have a cutting torque of 1 to 10 tons. Table 1 shows the crane series produced by the Balao-Pitola plant. All cranes in this series have the same schematic layout, but depending on the magnitude of the load moment and the height of the load, various individual components of the crane can have a variety of structural options. The walking frame of the BP-500 crane (Fig. 1) consists of four cross-shaped beams, each of which is fitted with an extendable spiral.