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1931年“九·一八”事变日本帝国主义侵占我国东北后,为了取得一个继续进攻中国内陆的基地,并转移国际上对东北的视线,又于1932年1月28日晚由上海租界向闸北天通庵、宝山路中国军队发动进攻,挑起了“一·二八”事变。事变爆发时,在全国抗日热潮的影响和推动下,驻守上海的蒋光鼐、蔡廷锴指挥的第十九路军,激于民族大义,不顾南京政府当局关于避免与日军冲突的命令,奋起抵抗。上海各界人民开展了轰轰烈烈的捐献运动和支前运动。工农商学各界群众,如风起云涌,纷纷组织抗日义勇军、敢死队等,协同第十九路军和第五路军（部分兵力）作战,而上海市民义勇军就是其中佼佼的者。
After the Japanese imperialists invaded and occupied northeast China in 1931, in order to obtain a base that continued to attack the interior of China and to divert the international attention to the northeast, they were again led by the Shanghai concession on the evening of January 28, 1932 Zhangtong Temple in Zhabei and Baoshan Road launched an offensive in China, provoking the January 28 Incident. When the incident broke out, under the influence and promotion of the national anti-Japanese upsurge, the 19th Route Army under the command of Jiang Guangtao and Cai Tingtai, stationed in Shanghai, stirred up their national cause and stood up against the orders of the Nanjing government to avert a conflict with the Japanese. Shanghai people from all walks of life to carry out a vigorous donation campaign and movement. The masses of workers, peasants and businessmen from all walks of life, such as the surging clouds, organized the anti-Japanese volunteer troops and the death squads one after another to work together with the 19th Route Army and the 5th Route Army (some of the troops). The Shanghai Volunteer Army was one of the best among them.