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目的探讨我国部分地区学龄儿童Ａ组溶血性链球菌（ＧＡＳ）对抗生素耐药的流行状况。方法采用ＶＩＴＥＫ自动微生物鉴定系统，测试３７６株从９～１岁学龄儿童咽部分离出的ＧＡＳ，吉林９７株、湖北８４株、四川８１株、广州农村６２株、广州城市５２株。结果四省总耐药率６７．３％，主要耐药依次为四环素６５．７％、红霉素４３．３％、氯林可霉素３４．０％、氯霉素６．９％、氨苄青霉素０．５％，未发现对青霉素、头孢噻吩、喹诺酮类药物耐药的菌株。不同地区间耐药率存在差异（Ｐ＜０．００５），吉林最高达９４．８％，依次为广州农村８３．８％、重庆５８．０％、湖北５０．０％、广州城市３８．５％。结论目前治疗ＧＡＳ感染和风湿热一、二级预防不宜使用红霉素和氯林可霉素；ＧＡＳ感染仍首选青霉素，对青霉素过敏者可选头孢类和喹诺酮类抗生素替代
Objective To investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in group A hemolytic streptococcus (GAS) of school-age children in some areas in China. Methods VITEK automatic microbial identification system was used to test 376 GAS, 97 Jilin, 84 Hubei, 81 Sichuan, 62 Guangzhou and 52 Guangzhou municipalities. Results The total drug resistance rates in four provinces were 67.3%, followed by 65.7% for tetracycline, 43.3% for erythromycin, 34.0% for clindamycin, 6.9% for chloramphenicol, Penicillin 0.5%, no penicillin, cefalotin, quinolone drug-resistant strains. There were differences in drug resistance rates among different regions (P <0.005), with Jilin up to 94.8%, followed by 83.8% in rural areas of Guangzhou, 58.0% in Chongqing, 50.0% in Hubei and 38.5% in Guangzhou %. Conclusion The current treatment of GAS infection and rheumatic fever, primary and secondary prevention should not use erythromycin and clindamycin; GAS infection is still the preferred penicillin, penicillin allergy cephalosporins and quinolone antibiotics alternative