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以Kinmaze(粳稻 ) /DV85 (籼稻 )的重组自交系F10 世代群体检测了影响水稻低温发芽力性状的数量性状基因座 (QTL)。通过测定不同时期的低温发芽率 ,确定了 15℃低温、第 10d为检测低温发芽率的最适处理温度和时间 ,该条件下能够充分检测到品种的差异和分离群体的变异。通过设置对照 ,证明所检测的低温发芽率不受休眠及二次休眠的影响。 15℃低温、第 10d时 ,Kinmaze的发芽率达 35 % ,DV85的发芽率只有 7% ,两亲本之间存在明显差异 ,该群体 81个家系的低温发芽率变幅在 0 %～ 99%之间。QTL分析结果检测到 5个与低温发芽力相关的基因座 ,分别位于第 2、6、7、11和 12染色体上。位于第 2、6和 11染色体上的 qLTG 2、qLTG 6和 qLTG 11贡献率分别为 2 7 1%、17 1%和 15 0 % ,对低温发芽力性状的增效基因来自DV85 ;位于第 7、12染色体上 qLTG 7和qLTG 12的贡献率分别为 2 2 9%和 8 8% ,增效基因来自Kinmaze。其中 ,qLTG 6和 qLTG 11在染色体上的位置与已报道的有关低温发芽力QTL位置相似 ,而 qLTG 2、qLTG 7和 qLTG 12为新检测的低温发芽力基因座。上位性分析结果显示 ,第 3与第 5染色体上存在影响低温发芽力的互作位点 ,其互作可以提高低温发芽力 ,而第 7染色体上的两位点之间的互作降低了低温发芽力。
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting the germination traits of rice at low temperature were detected with the F10 population of recombinant inbred lines of Kinmaze (japonica) / DV85 (indica). By measuring the germination rate of low temperature at different stages, the optimum temperature and time for 15 ℃ low temperature and 10 days for low temperature germination rate were determined. Variation of the cultivars and variation of the segregation population were detected under these conditions. By setting the control, the detected low temperature germination rate is not affected by dormancy and secondary dormancy. At 15 ℃, the germination rate of Kinmaze reached 35% and the germination rate of DV85 was only 7% at the 10th day. There was a significant difference between the two parents, and the germination rate of 81 pedigrees in this population ranged from 0% to 99% between. The results of QTL analysis showed that 5 loci related to low temperature germination force were located on chromosomes 2, 6, 7, 11 and 12, respectively. The contribution rates of qLTG 2, qLTG 6 and qLTG 11 on chromosomes 2, 6 and 11 were 271%, 17 1% and 15 0%, respectively, and the synergistic genes for low-temperature germinating traits came from DV85. The contribution rates of qLTG 7 and qLTG 12 on chromosome 12 were respectively 22.9% and 88%, and the synergistic gene was from Kinmaze. Among them, the positions of qLTG 6 and qLTG 11 on the chromosome are similar to those reported on the low-temperature germinating QTLs, while qLTG 2, qLTG 7 and qLTG 12 are newly detected low-temperature germinating loci. Epistasis analysis showed that there was an interaction site on chromosomes 3 and 5 that affected low-temperature germination force, and their interaction enhanced low-temperature germination, and the interaction between the two sites on chromosome 7 decreased the low temperature Germination power.