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短篇小说的主题是一个妇女的自我意识的觉醒。女主人伊娃到了暮年才认识到她在四十七年的婚姻生活中一直处于从属地位,她决心反抗,不再按照别人的节奏去生活,然而疾病很快夺去了她的生命。作品运用的是现代派手法,在小说里现实与幻觉相交织,时间和空间大幅度跳跃,意识流动被如实地记录下来,但它绝不是自我中心者的无病呻吟和极端个人主义者的绝望和愤懑的发泄。作者所着意刻画的是一个勤劳顽强、感情丰富的普通家庭妇女的情感世界,通过她对自己一生的回顾和思索,来反映老一代美国人民,特别是妇女所历经的艰辛困苦和种种斗争,为她们作不平之鸣。小说里对具体的时间和环境不作交代,也从不直接描绘人物的外貌或性格。一连串没有引号的对白,一段段不连贯曲生活片断,象一个个镜头一闪而过,完全是白描式的、速记式的。但它们是直接摄取于现实生活的,显得那么清晰明白,对美国生活有所了解的人会觉得非常真实可信,有亲历其境的感受。作者语言亦自然流畅,毫无雕琢痕迹;对自不多,却富有个性,尤其是老夫妇间的一些争吵场面,几使读者如闻其声,如见其人。关于蒂丽·奥尔逊的生平与其它情况,请见本期《幸存者的职责》一文。——编者
The theme of short stories is the awakening of a woman’s self-awareness. When her mistress, Eva, realized that she had been a subordinate in her 47-year marriage life, she was determined to resist and stop living at the pace of other people’s lives. However, the disease quickly claimed her life. The works are based on modernist techniques. The reality and illusion are intertwined in the novel. The time and space are leaps and bounds, and the flow of consciousness is well documented. However, it is by no means a groaning of self-centeredness and despair and anger of extreme individualists The vent. The author’s intention is to depict the emotional world of an industrious and affectionate average family woman who, through her review and contemplation of her own life, reflects the hardships and struggles experienced by the older generation of American people, especially women They make noises. No specific account of the time and environment do not account for, nor directly describe the appearance or character of the character. A series of dialogue without quotes, a section of non-continuity of life clips, like a flash of shots, is entirely white-style, shorthand style. But they are taken directly into the real world and seem so clearly understood that people who understand American life will find themselves very authentic and personally experienced. The author’s language is also natural and smooth, with no carving traces; on the few, but full of personality, especially the old couple some quarrel scene, make the reader heard, such as seeing his. For the life and other situations of Tilly Olson, see this issue of Survivors’ Duties. --editor