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企业兼并(Enterprise merger)最早起源于19世纪末的美国,当时的企业兼并大都发生在石油、钢铁、烟草和其他基础产业。兼并的总体目的是为了形成规模经济,取得垄断地位。象著名的洛克菲勒集团正是通过兼并才使其资产得以迅速膨胀。本世纪以来,由于股票市场的发展促进了金融寡头在许多产业中的兼并活动,先后经历了20年代,60年代与80年代至今三次大的兼并浪潮。进入90年代,兼并活动更在全球掀起了一个高潮,仅1995年发生的著名兼并案例就有:IBM公司斥资36亿美元兼并LOTUS公司;迪斯尼公司斥资60亿美元兼并CBS广播公司;美国化学银行以100亿美元收购大通曼哈顿银行,一跃成为美国第一大银行。
Enterprise merger originated in the United States at the end of the 19th century. Most of the mergers occurred in the oil, steel, tobacco and other basic industries. The overall purpose of the merger is to achieve economies of scale and achieve monopoly status. It is through mergers that the famous Rockefeller Group has rapidly expanded its assets. Since the beginning of this century, due to the development of the stock market, oligarchs have promoted mergers and acquisitions in many industries and successively experienced three major mergers and acquisitions in the 1920s, 1960s and 1980s. Into the 90’s, mergers and acquisitions more than set off a global climax, the only well-known cases of mergers occurred in 1995: IBM company spent 3.6 billion mergers LOTUS company; Disney company spent 6 billion acquisition of CBS Broadcasting Corporation; Bank of America to $ 10 billion acquisition Chase Manhattan Bank, became the nation’s largest bank.