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明清两代,社会商品经济相当活跃,社会财富的积累使得商人阶层逐渐成长为社会重要群体,商人对社会风尚的影响力的增强,尤其是在商业发达地区,传统的阶层地位观念受到挑战。商人地位的提高也使得他们秉持的商业伦理和具有的商业知识得以在全社会传播,并把这种影响推展到教育领域。值得注意的是,商人们的作为同时也加剧了奢靡之风和拜金主义的蔓延。
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the social commodity economy was quite active. The accumulation of social wealth made the merchant class grow into an important group of society, and the influence of merchants on social fashion was enhanced. Especially in the developed commercial areas, the traditional concept of social status was challenged. The improvement of the status of merchants also enables the business ethics and business knowledge they uphold to spread throughout the whole society and to extend this influence to the field of education. It is noteworthy that the acts of merchants also exacerbated the extravagant style and the spread of money worship.