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一、前言近几年来对于结构钢材料性能的要求大大提高了。使用者可能对弹性极限、强度极限、冲击韧性、可焊性和可成形性、也可能对疲劳强度和耐蚀性等提出全部的,或者部分的性能要求。在本研究中针对的是主要影响冲击韧性和可成形性的塑性性能。当钢材中含有非金属夹杂物第二相时,对上述参数就起着主要作用,因为它明显地改变了金属和合金的塑性断裂强度。在用铝脱氧的结构钢中,以二种硫化锰形式出现的硫起着很重要的作用。事实上,勿论是那种强度级的钢,在轧制温度下变形性很好的硫化锰都会导致金属产生很明显的各向异性。尽管金属是在垂直于轧制方向上受力,然而,断裂前的变形还是相当小的。
First, the preface In recent years the requirements for the performance of structural steel materials has greatly increased. The user may have full or partial performance requirements for fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, etc., with regard to elastic limit, strength limit, impact toughness, weldability and formability. In this study, the plastic properties that mainly affect impact toughness and formability are addressed. The above parameters play a major role when the steel contains the second phase of non-metallic inclusions because it significantly changes the plastic rupture strength of metals and alloys. In structured steels deoxidized with aluminum, the presence of sulfur in the form of two manganese sulphides plays an important role. In fact, regardless of the strength grade steels, the good deformability of the manganese sulphide at the rolling temperature results in significant anisotropy of the metal. Although the metal is stressed perpendicular to the rolling direction, the deformation before fracture is still relatively small.