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蒋廷锡(1669—1732年),江苏常熟人。因生于清康熙八年己酉,故又名酉君,字扬孙,号西谷、又号南沙,别号青桐居士。初以举人供奉内廷,历左、右春坊赞善,迁侍讲、侍读、少詹事、内阁学士、经筵讲官、礼部右侍郎、户部左侍郎、户部尚书、文华殿大学士、军机大臣。主要活动于康熙、雍正年间。现在,提及蒋廷锡,人们多联想到他的绘画,并认为他是康雍年间的宫廷画家,笔者认为这种认识过于片面、也有失公允。在康雍年间,特别是雍正年间,蒋廷锡的社会活动主要表现于政治舞台方面,其政绩远远超乎画艺成就。为此,本文拟从几个方面论述蒋廷锡的身份、地位及业绩,以冀全面、公正地考察、评价蒋廷锡在政治生涯及艺术领域诸方面的成就。
Jiang Tingxiu (1669-1732), Jiangsu Changshu people. Because was born in Kangxi eight years has been unitary, it is also called unitary monarch, word Yang, No. Xigu, also Nansha, alias Qing Tong lay. Beginning of the Rendezvous Inner Court, calendar left, right Spring Square Chan Chai, move paternity, read, less Zhan Shi, cabinet bachelor, Jing Yan talked officer, ritual right Lang, household minister left Lang, Huxubinshu, Wenhua Hall Bachelor, military aircraft minister. The main activities in Kangxi, Yongzheng years. Now, referring to Jiang Tingxiu, people think of his paintings more and think that he was a court painter during the Kang Yong era. I think this understanding is too unilateral and unfair. During the reign of Kang Yong, especially during the Yongzheng Reign, Jiang Tingxi’s social activities were mainly manifested in the political arena, whose performance far exceeded the accomplishments of painting and art. To this end, this article intends to discuss Jiang Tingxi’s identity, status and performance from several aspects in order to comprehensively and impartially inspect and evaluate Jiang Ting-tin’s political career and artistic achievements in various fields.