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目的了解思明区人群乙肝病毒(HBV)感染状况及免疫水平,分析影响HBV感染的危险行为因素。方法依据全国乙肝血清流行病学调查方案,以1 59岁居民为调查对象,共调查732人。问卷调查乙肝疫苗免疫史和危险行为因素,并采集静脉血用ELISA法检测血清乙肝5种抗原抗体水平。结果人群HBsAg总携带率为9.84%,其中1 4岁,5 14岁、15 59岁分别为0.83%、4.44%和14.62%。人群抗-HBs总阳性率为59.29%,其中14岁、5 14岁和15 59岁分别为76.03%、61.11%和53.83%。1 4岁、5 14岁和15 59岁人群乙肝疫苗接种率分别为100%,94.44%和24.59%。接种乙肝疫苗人群HBsAg携带率和小三阳感染者(HBsAg+,抗-HBe+,抗-HBc+)比例均低于无接种人群(χ2=30.19,36.50;P<0.01)。口腔诊疗史OR值为1.65,95%CI为1.012.70。结论思明区5岁以下儿童乙肝表面抗原携带率<1%的控制目标已实现,但人群HBsAg总携带率仍较高。乙肝免疫接种起到良好的保护作用。口腔诊疗史是HBV感染的危险行为因素。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its immunity in Siming district and to analyze the risk factors affecting HBV infection. Methods According to the national hepatitis B seroprevalence survey program, residents aged 59 years were investigated, 732 were investigated. Questionnaire survey of hepatitis B vaccine immunization history and risk behavior factors, and venous blood samples were collected to detect serum hepatitis B antibody levels by ELISA. Results The total HBsAg carrier rate in the population was 9.84%, of which 14 years old, 5 14 years old and 15 59 years old were 0.83%, 4.44% and 14.62% respectively. The total positive rate of anti-HBs in the population was 59.29%, of which 14 years old, 5 14 years old and 15 59 years old were 76.03%, 61.11% and 53.83% respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates were 100%, 94.44% and 24.59% for persons aged 4, 5 and 15, respectively. The HBsAg carrier rate and HBsAg positive rate (HBsAg +, anti-HBe +, anti-HBc +) in vaccinated group were lower than those in non-vaccinated group (χ2 = 30.19, 36.50; P <0.01). The odds ratio for oral medical history was 1.65 and the 95% CI was 1.012.70. Conclusion The control target of HBsAg carrier rate <1% in children under 5 years of age in Siming district has been achieved, but the overall HBsAg carrier rate in population is still high. Hepatitis B vaccination play a good protective effect. Oral history is a risk factor for HBV infection.