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目的 2种方法检测B族链球菌结果比较及其母婴感染防控疗效观察。方法选取在产科进行产前检查和35周以上分娩的孕妇1 500例为研究对象,采集阴道内1/3处及直肠分泌物进行细菌培养与实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)2种方法检测,观察2种检测方法检出效果。再将GBS阳性者根据其意愿各选取30例和120例分为干预治疗组和不干预治疗组,同时选取150例GBS阴性者,作为阴性组。干预治疗组在临产后或破膜后预防性应用抗菌药物,不干预治疗阳性组和阴性组不作处理,观察比较孕妇干预疗效。结果 1 500例受检孕妇经检测,细菌培养检出阳性134例(8.93%),低于PCR检测检出阳性178例(11.87%)(P<0.05)。3组的顺产分娩方式无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不干预治疗GBS阳性孕产妇及其新生儿出现感染均高于阴性GBS组和干预治疗阳性GBS组(P<0.05)。结论临床上使用PCR检测对孕晚期产妇进行GBS感染的筛查效果更好,GBS检查对于产前检查有重要作用,及时采取干预手段可有效改善对母婴感染的影响。
Objective To compare the results of two kinds of methods to detect streptococci in group B and the observation of the prevention and control of their infection. Methods One hundred and fifty-five pregnant women who were given prenatal examination and 35 weeks of pregnancy were selected as research objects. One third of the vagina and rectal secretions were collected for bacterial culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Observe two kinds of detection methods to detect the effect. And then GBS-positive according to their wishes each selected 30 cases and 120 cases were divided into intervention group and non-intervention group, while 150 cases of negative GBS were selected as the negative group. Intervention treatment group in the postpartum or rupture of membranes after the preventive use of antimicrobial agents, non-intervention treatment positive group and negative group without treatment, observed and compared the effect of pregnant women intervention. Results A total of 1 500 pregnant women tested showed 134 positive cases (8.93%), which was lower than the positive rate of PCR test (178 cases, 11.87%, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the mode of delivery among 3 groups (P> 0.05). The infection of non-intervention GBS-positive pregnant women and their newborns was higher than that of negative GBS group and intervention-treated GBS group (P <0.05). Conclusions Clinically, the detection of GBS in pregnant women during the third trimester of pregnancy is more effective by PCR detection. GBS examination plays an important role in prenatal examination. Intervention can be used to improve the effect of maternal-to-infant infection.