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采用理论推导和测量验证相结合的方式,以莫尔条纹理论为基础,推导出金属材料热膨胀系数与莫尔条纹的等差条纹斜率、金属材料受热膨胀温度变化量这三者的函数关系。借助于图像分析技术,通过将采集到的贴附于待测金属铜薄片上的光栅变化图像进行图像优化、图像差频信息处理和图像数据计算三层操作处理,并以莫尔条纹的等差条纹斜率、金属材料受热膨胀温度变化量为基础参数,最终获得在某一温度变化范围内金属铜材料的应变量、热膨胀系数的大小。研究成果不仅可将金属铜材料的热膨胀系数予以实时处理和智能化测量,还可在一定程度上改善以往测量方法限制所导致的测量结果不够精确、测量误差较大的问题。
Based on Moiré fringe theory, the relationship between the coefficient of thermal expansion of metal materials and the slope of the equidistant fringes of the moiré fringes and the change of the thermal expansion temperature of the metal materials is deduced by the combination of theoretical derivation and measurement verification. With the aid of image analysis technology, through the collected images of the rastered images attached to the metal copper sheet to be tested, the image optimization, the image difference frequency information processing and the image data calculation are processed in three layers, and the difference in moiré fringes Stripe slope, the temperature expansion of metal materials as the basic parameters, and finally obtained in a certain temperature range of copper material strain, the size of the thermal expansion coefficient. The research results not only provide real-time processing and intelligent measurement of the thermal expansion coefficient of metallic copper materials, but also improve the measurement accuracy caused by the limitation of the conventional measurement methods to a certain extent and the measurement error is large.