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黄河下游治理的许多问题都存在着不同的认识.本文就以下几个问题提出看法:下游地上河形成的决定因素:(1)坳陷地质构造条件,(2)多沙少水,(3)筑堤束水。地质构造条件决定黄河下游永远是一条堆积性河道,始终达不到冲淤平衡;河道的长度和滩槽差不是决定维持现行河道的关键,而河道寿命取决于大堤的抗洪能力和上游来洪量的大小,河道本身的形态,以及其他边界条件;估算黄河决堤的淹没范围,不仅考虑洪量,堤外的地貌条件,还要考虑决堤时华北平原的天气形势;中下游多种减沙措施并举,是减少黄河下游淤积的最佳方案。
There are different understandings of many problems in the management of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. This paper puts forward some views on the following issues: Determinants of the formation of downstream groundwater: (1) geological conditions of the depression, (2) Embankment beam water. The geological conditions determine that the lower Yellow River will always be a heaping channel and will never reach the balance of scouring and silting. The length of the river channel and the difference between the troughs are not the key to maintaining the current channel. The lifespan of the river depends on the flood resistance capacity of the dike and the flood volume Size, the shape of the river itself, and other boundary conditions; estimate the submergence of the Yellow River bank, not only considering the flood volume, the topography of the embankment, but also consider the weather conditions of the North China Plain at the time of the embankment; Is to reduce the deposition of the Yellow River the best solution.