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19世纪60年代至90年代,中国封建地主阶级改革派发动了一场历时三十余年的洋务运动。洋务运动时期是中国近代军工企业的发轫时期,研究这一时期的中国近代军工企业的性质,是中国近代军事史和中国军事工业史研究中的重要课题。一、近代军工企业是特殊的资本主义企业近代军工企业是特殊的资本主义企业这个性质是由中国近代军工企业的生产力发展水平、当时国内社会经济环境以及军事工业的行业特点诸因素决定的。清末军工企业与近代中国的产业技术革命,与国家的工业和经济近代化紧密相连。所谓工业和经济近代化,是指在工业和经济领域中,以机器体系的生产工具代替以人畜力为动力
From the 1860s to the 1890s, the feudal landlord class reformers in China launched a foreign affairs movement that lasted more than 30 years. The period of the Westernization Movement was the turning point of China’s modern military industry. To study the nature of modern Chinese military industry during this period is an important issue in the military history of modern China and the history of China’s military industry. I. Modern Military and Industrial Enterprises are Special Capitalist Enterprises Modern military and industrial enterprises are special capitalist enterprises. This nature is determined by factors such as the level of productivity development of the modern military industry in China, the domestic social and economic environment at that time, and the characteristics of the industry in the military industry. The industrial and technological revolutions of military enterprises in the late Qing Dynasty and modern China were closely linked with the country’s industrial and economic modernization. The so-called industrial and economic modernization, refers to the industrial and economic fields, the production system instead of using machine tools as the driving force