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美国国际支付逆差及黄金外流,是美国经济金融领域中的严重痼疾。自1958年以来,艾森豪威尔及肯尼迪先后煞费苦心开方用药,但迄今未见好转,反而陷于危急非常的地步。肯尼迪上台之初,为了应付国际支付和黄金外流危机,曾提出一个面及四方的“行动计划”,扬言要在1963年内达到收支平衡。但事实却毫不容情,今年第一季度支付赤字达年率三十二亿美元,超出去年十亿美元。到了第二季度,竟出现年率五十三亿美元的高峰,把战后1960年赤字三十九亿美元的最高纪录远远抛在后面。外国人可要求兑付黄金的美国短期负债已接近二百一十亿美元,而除去国内通货法定准备所需外,美国黄金库存不到三十亿美元。库存竭尽的形势几乎迫在眉睫。
U.S. international payments deficits and gold outflows are serious chronic diseases in the U.S. economy and finance. Since 1958, Eisenhower and Kennedy have painstakingly prescribed prescription drugs, but so far no improvement, but in a critical position. When Kennedy came to power, in response to the crisis of international payments and gold outflows, he proposed a “face-to-face” plan of action and threatened to break even in 1963. However, the facts are unacceptable. In the first quarter of this year, the deficit was paid at a yearly rate of 3.2 billion U.S. dollars, exceeding the figure of one billion U.S. dollars last year. In the second quarter, there was a peak of 5.3 billion U.S. dollars per year, far behind the record of the post-war deficit of 3.9 billion U.S. dollars in the 1960s. Short-lived U.S. debts, which foreigners can demand for gold, are almost 21 billion U.S. dollars, while U.S. gold stocks are less than 3 billion U.S. dollars, except for statutory provisions on domestic currency. Exhausted inventory situation is almost imminent.