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目的:观察血液病患者输注机采血小板的临床效果,探讨影响其疗效的因素。方法:回顾性分析106例血液病患者输注机采血小板258例次的临床资料,依据血小板纠正增加指数来评价血小板输注疗效。分析病种、性别、年龄、体重、发热、脾大、输注次数对输注有效率的影响。结果:血小板输注有效例次为188例次(有效率72.9%),急性白血病、骨髓增生异常综合征、再生障碍性贫血、特发性血小板减少性紫癜有效率分别为80.9%、73.2%、70.2%、52.5%,不同病种有效率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.288,P<0.05)。146例次有发热感染者输注血小板有效率为67.1%,明显低于112例次无发热感染者的80.4%(χ~2=5.614,P<0.05);69例脾大患者的有效率为55.1%,明显低于189例脾不大者的79.4%(χ~2=15.088,P<0.01);按性别、年龄、体重分组比较,有效率差异无统计学意义(χ~2分别为0.894、0.051、0.065,P>0.05);随着输注次数增加,血小板输注有效率逐渐下降(P<0.05),频繁输注者输注疗效较差,甚至出现血小板输注无效。结论:不同类型血液病患者其血小板输注疗效不同,发热、脾大、输注次数可能是影响血液病患者输注疗效的因素。
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of platelet transfusion machine in patients with hematological diseases and to explore the factors that affect its efficacy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 106 cases of blood disease in patients with platelet transfusion machine 258 cases of clinical data, based on the platelet increase the index to evaluate the efficacy of platelet transfusion. Analysis of disease types, gender, age, weight, fever, splenomegaly, the number of infusion on the infusion efficiency. Results: The effective rate of platelet transfusion was 188 cases (effective rate 72.9%). The effective rates of acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, aplastic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were 80.9%, 73.2% 70.2% and 52.5%, respectively. There were significant differences in the efficiency of different diseases (χ ~ 2 = 12.288, P <0.05). The effective rate of platelet transfusion in 146 cases with fever was 67.1%, which was significantly lower than that in 112 cases with no fever (χ ~ 2 = 5.614, P <0.05). The effective rate of 69 cases with splenomegaly was 55.1%, which was significantly lower than that of 189 cases with spleen insufficiency (χ ~ 2 = 15.088, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the effective rates by sex, age and body weight (χ ~ 2 = 0.894 , 0.051,0.065, P> 0.05). With the increase of infusion times, the effective rate of platelet transfusion decreased gradually (P <0.05). The infusions of frequent transfusion were less effective and even platelet transfusion was ineffective. Conclusion: Different types of hematological diseases have different effects of platelet transfusion, fever, splenomegaly, and the number of infusion may be the factors that affect the efficacy of transfusion in patients with hematological diseases.