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为了有效地改善大型沸腾钢钢锭质量,减少化学偏析,目前国外生产上较广泛地采用了机械封顶和化学封顶。所谓封顶钢,即浇注后不迟于1～3分钟利用机械或化学方法强制钢绽头部停止沸腾尽快凝固,使头部组织得到改善,集中偏析减少,钢锭化学均匀性亦得到一定程度的提高。这样,基本上保证了机械性能的一致性,同时由于头部上涨较少,切头率比敞口锭可降低2～3％,提高了金属收得率。对于采用瓶口式钢锭模进行机械封顶来说,我国尚缺乏系统的实践经验,我们于1962年下半年曾利用镇静钢钢锭模倒放的措施进行机械封顶钢试验;继后,设计了瓶口式钢锭模并进行了小批及整罐的试生产。目前全部试生产工作尚未最后结束,有些问题尚待今后实践中继续改进。本文是将试生产的工艺操作部分及其初步结果介绍如下,仅供参考。
In order to effectively improve the quality of large-scale ingot steel ingot, reduce chemical segregation, the current foreign production more widely used mechanical capping and chemical capping. The so-called capped steel, that is, after pouring no later than 1 to 3 minutes by mechanical or chemical methods to force the steel head to stop boiling as soon as possible coagulation, the head tissue is improved, reduce the concentration of segregation, chemical uniformity of the ingot has also been a certain degree of improvement . In this way, basically to ensure the consistency of mechanical properties, at the same time as the head rose less, than the open ingot cutting rate can be reduced by 2 to 3%, increased metal yield. For the use of bottleneck steel ingot die for mechanical capping, our country still lacks systematic practical experience, we have used the second half of 1962 the method of dumping steel ingot die steel mechanical capping steel test; followed by the design of the bottle Steel ingot mold and a small batch and whole tank of trial production. At present all the trial production work has not yet ended, some problems to be continued to improve in the future practice. This article is the pilot production of the process part of the operation and its preliminary results are as follows, for reference purposes only.