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目的探测塔克拉玛干沙漠南麓放线菌多样性及抗菌活性,以期发现新药用微生物资源,为新抗生素发现奠定基础。方法采用10种分离培养基,以稀释涂布法分离放线菌;采用16S rRNA基因序列分析放线菌多样性;放线菌液体发酵,发酵液乙酸乙酯萃取,菌丝体丙酮浸提;对获得的提取浓缩物,采用纸片扩散法进行抗菌活性筛选。结果从17份土壤样品,共纯化到368株放线菌;其中166株经过16S rRNA序列分析的放线菌分布于16个科的24个属,链霉菌属和拟诺卡菌属为优势菌属;菌株SC8A-24的16Sr RNA基因序列与最近有效菌株Nocardioides salaries CL-Z59T(DQ401092)的相似率为96.41%,为潜在的新种;发酵96株放线菌,其中62株在至少一个抗菌活性筛选中显示为阳性,总阳性率为64.58%。结论塔克拉玛干沙漠南麓土壤中存在较为丰富的药用放线菌资源,具有从中发现放线菌新物种及新结构抗生素的潜力。
Objective To explore the diversity and antibacterial activity of actinomycetes in the south of Taklimakan Desert in order to discover new medicinal microbial resources and lay the foundation for the discovery of new antibiotics. Methods The actinomycetes were isolated by dilution method with 10 kinds of isolation media. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was used to analyze the diversity of actinomycetes. The actinomycetes liquid fermentation, the fermentation broth ethyl acetate extraction, mycelium acetone extraction. The obtained extract concentrate was screened for antibacterial activity by disk diffusion method. Results A total of 368 strains of actinomycetes were purified from 17 soil samples. Among them, 166 strains of 16 actinomycetes were identified as 24-genera of 16 genera and 16 strains of Streptomyces and Nocardia were dominant The 16Sr RNA sequence of strain SC8A-24 was 96.41% similar to that of Nocardioides salaries CL-Z59T (DQ401092), which was a potential new strain. 96 strains of actinomycetes were fermented, of which 62 strains were resistant to at least one antibacterial Active screening showed positive, the total positive rate was 64.58%. Conclusion There are abundant resources of medicinal actinomycetes in the soil in the south of Taklamakan Desert, which has the potential of discovering new actinomycetes and new structure antibiotics.