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基于汶川地震震损水坝的原始数据,定量和定性地分析了汶川地震中水坝震害类型、分布特点及其影响因素。结果表明汶川地震中震损水坝数量多、分布广、震害类型多,震害以地震波危害为主,震害形式以坝体裂缝为主,滑坡、震陷、渗漏等震害普遍。地震烈度、施工质量、水坝坝基、筑坝材料、水库管理水平等对水坝的震损影响显著,并提出了水坝抗震和震害评估的一些建议。
Based on the original data of Wenchuan earthquake dam, the types, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of dam damage in Wenchuan earthquake are quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The results show that the number of dam-damaged dams in Wenchuan earthquake is large and the distribution is wide. There are many types of earthquake damage. The main damage to the dam is the seismic wave. The main dam is the type of earthquake damage, while the landslide, earthquake collapse and leakage are common. Earthquake intensity, construction quality, dam foundation, dam materials, reservoir management level have a significant impact on dam damage, and some suggestions for dam seismic and seismic damage assessment are put forward.