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目的了解中国四城市新生儿体格发育现状。方法采取整群随机抽样的方法收集北京、哈尔滨、长沙及广州4个城市单胎活产新生儿体格发育资料,与1986-1987年建立的中国新生儿体格发育参考标准及其有关原始资料进行对比分析。结果共收集单胎活产足月儿5 140例。与现行参考标准1986-1987年比较,2012年四城市各胎龄足月新生儿体格发育三项指标整体呈不同程度增长,其中体质量增长最显著(P<0.01);不同胎龄出生体质量百分位数变化表现为2012年新生儿出生体质量值大于参考标准;与2006年世界卫生组织(WHO)发布的儿童生长标准参考值比较,头围小于WHO参考值,体质量及身长大于WHO参考值。结论中国四城市足月新生儿体格发育变化呈增长趋势,部分指标已超过我国现行标准。
Objective To understand the status of physical development of neonates in four cities in China. Methods The data of physical development of newborns with single live birth in Beijing, Harbin, Changsha and Guangzhou were collected by cluster random sampling method. The data were compared with the reference standard of Chinese neonatal physical development established between 1986 and 1987 and its related original data analysis. Results A total of 5140 full-term infants with single-child live were collected. Compared with the current reference standard from 1986 to 1987, the three indicators of physical development of full-term newborn infants of four cities in different age groups increased in different degrees in the whole year in 2012, with the most significant increase in body weight (P <0.01) The percentile showed that the newborn birth weight value was greater than the reference standard in 2012. Compared with the reference standard for children’s growth issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2006, the head circumference was less than the WHO reference value, the body weight and body length were greater than WHO Reference. Conclusion The physical development of full-term newborns in four cities of China shows an increasing trend, with some indicators exceeding the current standards in China.