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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Qingre Ji-anpi decoction(清热健脾汤,QRJPD)on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mice and ex-plore its mechanism.METHODS:All mice were randomly divided into six groups.Weight changes,disease activity index val-ues,and histological damage were detected.In-flammatory cytokines and immune cell infiltration were measured using enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assays(ELISA)and immunohistochemistry(IHC)method.The key protein expression levels of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-contain-ing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome were detected by western blot analysis,IHC,and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:QRJPD played an anti-inflammatory role in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC),reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines,and inhib-ited the inflammatory infiltration of immune cells by suppressing DSS-induced activation of the NL-RP3 inflammasome.CONCLUSION:QRJPD exerts protective effects by inhibiting DSS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation.