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货运飞船是空间站补给物资的重要运输工具,也是空间站的地面后勤保障系统。截至2013年3月,美国太空探索技术公司(SpaceX)的“龙”(Dragon)货运飞船两度成功执行“国际空间站”“商业补给服务”(CRS)任务,标志着“国际空间站”的商业补给运输步入正轨;紧随其后,美国轨道科学公司(OSC)研制的“天鹅座”(Cygnus)货运飞船也将于2013年上半年升空。除美国之外,欧洲的自动转移飞行器(ATV)、日本的H-2转移飞行器(HTV)和俄罗斯的“进步”(Progress)系列货运飞船都已多次成功完成空间站任务。为了能让读者对货运飞船的现状和发展趋势有比较全面的了解,促进我国货运飞船的研制,本刊特别推出了国外货运飞船专题。
Cargo spacecraft spacecraft supplies is an important means of transport, but also the space station ground logistics support system. As of March 2013, SpaceX’s Dragon cargo spacecraft was twice successful in implementing the International Space Station CRS mission, marking a “ The ISS commercial supply shipment is on track; followed by OSG’s Cygnus cargo spacecraft, which will also be launched in the first half of 2013. In addition to the United States, space mission has been successfully completed on many occasions in Europe for ATV, Japan’s H-2 transfer aircraft (HTV) and Russia’s ”Progress" cargo ship. In order to allow readers to have a more comprehensive understanding of the status quo and development trends of cargo spacecraft and promote the development of China’s cargo spacecraft, we published the special topic of foreign cargo spacecraft.