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植物群落的变迁会引起土壤碳/氮分布格局的变化。本文在长白山1986年风倒区和对照区(未受风干扰的原始植被分布区)沿海拔梯度选择阔叶红树林、云冷杉林和岳桦林,采集0～10(表层)和10～20 cm(下层)土壤,分析其碳、氮含量,研究长白山西坡风倒区植被恢复以来土壤理化性质的变化。结果表明:土壤有机碳、全氮含量在对照区和风倒区均表现为表层显著高于下层。对3个林型来说,风倒区与对照区土壤有机碳、全氮含量无显著性差异,但对照区和风倒区2个土层的碳、氮含量及储量随海拔增加有上升的趋势;同时,3个林型表层土壤中有机碳、全氮的含量有显著性差异,而下层土壤中差异不明显。在阔叶红松林和云冷杉林表层土壤中,对照区土壤C/N显著高于风倒区。随着海拔的升高,对照区和风倒区2个土层的碳氮比都有降低的趋势。总的来说,长白山风倒区经过26年的自然恢复,其土壤有机碳、全氮含量及储量与原始植被区已无明显的差异,但碳氮比差异性显著,说明自然恢复26年后风倒区土壤质量已经基本恢复,但由于植被类型的差异导致碳/氮输入等差异依然存在,因而,用碳氮比可以更准确地反映植被变化对土壤的影响。
The change of plant community will cause the change of soil carbon / nitrogen distribution pattern. In this paper, the broad-leaved mangrove, spruce-fir and yuelin-birch forests were selected along an altitudinal gradient in the windblown and control areas of 1986 in Changbai Mountain (the unaffected area of original vegetation), and 0-10 (top) and 10-20 cm (lower) soil, the carbon and nitrogen contents were analyzed, and the changes of soil physical and chemical properties after the vegetation restoration in the west slope of Changbai Mountain were studied. The results showed that the content of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in the control area and the windfall area showed that the surface layer was significantly higher than the lower layer. For the three forest types, there was no significant difference in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content between the windward and control areas, but the carbon and nitrogen contents and reserves of the two soil layers in the control and windbreaks tended to increase with altitude At the same time, the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the topsoil of three forest types were significantly different, while the difference of the lower soil was not obvious. In the broad-leaved Korean pine forest and spruce-fir topsoil, soil C / N in the control area was significantly higher than that in the wind-blown area. With the elevation increasing, the C / N ratio of the two soil layers in the control area and the wind-down area tends to decrease. In general, after 26 years of natural restoration in Changbai Mountain, there was no significant difference in soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and reserves between the original vegetation area and the original vegetation area, but the difference in carbon and nitrogen ratio was significant, indicating that after 26 years of natural recovery The quality of the soil in the windbreak has basically recovered, but differences in carbon / nitrogen input still exist due to differences in vegetation types. Therefore, the effect of vegetation change on the soil can be more accurately reflected by the C / N ratio.