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在二元经济结构下,中国医疗保障制度表现为二元医疗保障体系,即建立于20世纪50年代的面向城镇职工的公费医疗和劳保医疗保障制度,以及建立于20世纪90年代末的面向农民的新型合作医疗制度。然而,二元保障制度使其自身在运行过程中存在医疗资源分配严重不均衡的问题,医疗社会保险服务呈低效率状态,难以体现国民医疗保障权益的公平性,就此本文提出了通过改进医疗费用支付方式、加大政府转移支付等对策建议,促进医疗保障权益城乡居民间分配的公平性。
Under the dual economic structure, China’s medical security system is represented by the dual-system medical security system, which was established in the 1950s as a public medical and labor insurance medical security system for urban employees, and was established in the late 1990s for farmers. New cooperative medical system. However, the dual-guarantee system has caused a serious imbalance in the distribution of medical resources during its operation. The medical social insurance services are in an inefficient state, and it is difficult to reflect the fairness of the national medical security rights. In this regard, this paper proposes to improve medical costs. Measures such as payment methods, increasing government transfer payments, etc., promote the fairness of the allocation of medical and social security rights between urban and rural residents.